ROSENBAUM, SEMYON

ROSENBAUM, SEMYON
ROSENBAUM, SEMYON (Shimshon; 1860–1934), jurist and Zionist. Born in Pinsk, Rosenbaum practiced law there and in Minsk. In 1880s he joined the Ḥibbat Zion movement, and was a delegate to the Zionist Congresses until World War I. At the Fourth Congress in 1900, he was elected to the Zionist General Council and served as a delegate of the Zionist center to the Minsk district. He organized the minsk conference of Russian Zionists in 1902. Rosenbaum's point of view was close to that of the democratic Fraction in the Zionist Organization, and he helped to organize the first Po'alei Zion groups in the Minsk district in Lithuania. He was among the leaders of ẓiyyonei Zion, who actively opposed the uganda scheme . At the helsingfors conference in 1906, he was made a member of the Zionist central committee of Russia. Rosenbaum held a central position in the League for the Attainment of Legal Rights for the Jews in Russia. He was elected to the first Russian duma in 1906 and joined the liberal Constitutional-Democratic ("Kadet") faction. When the Duma was dissolved, he was among those Duma members who signed the manifesto calling for civil disobedience and nonpayment of taxes and was sentenced to prison. After his release, he engaged in providing legal assistance to pogrom victims and to Zionists persecuted by the Russian authorities. After the outbreak of World War I, Rosenbaum moved to Vilna and was elected head of the Zionist organization there. He participated in the negotiations with the Turkish government concerning the future of Palestine after the war (1918). He also took part in the establishment of independent Lithuania in 1919. He was deputy minister of foreign affairs in the first Lithuanian government and a member of its delegation to the Versailles Peace Conference. He signed the peace treaty with the Soviet Union on behalf of the Lithuanian Republic. He was a member of the commission that drafted the Lithuanian Republic's constitution, which granted the Jews wide national autonomy. Rosenbaum was the president of the National Council of the Jews in Lithuania and in 1923 became minister of Jewish affairs. In 1924, after the annulment of the Jewish autonomy, he went to Palestine, where he engaged in   public activities in general zionist circles. He was chairman of the supreme Jewish peace court, and one of the founders of the Tel Aviv School of Law and Economics. He wrote many essays on Zionist and juridical subjects, including his research Der Souveraenitaetsbegriff (1932). -BIBLIOGRAPHY: M. Sudarsky and U. Katzenellenbogen (eds.) Lite (Yid., 1951), index; Ch. Leikowicz (ed.), Lite, 2 (Yid., 1965), index; Tidhar, 3 (1949), 1317–18. (Yehuda Slutsky)

Encyclopedia Judaica. 1971.

Игры ⚽ Поможем сделать НИР

Look at other dictionaries:

  • List of Jews from Russia, Ukraine, and Belarus — This List of Jews contains individuals who, in accordance with Wikipedia s and policies, have been identified as Jews by . A few years before the Shoah, the Jewish population of the Soviet lands (excluding the Baltic states) stood at over 5… …   Wikipedia

  • literature — /lit euhr euh cheuhr, choor , li treuh /, n. 1. writings in which expression and form, in connection with ideas of permanent and universal interest, are characteristic or essential features, as poetry, novels, history, biography, and essays. 2.… …   Universalium

  • The Master and Margarita —   …   Wikipedia

  • Liste der Söhne und Töchter Sankt Petersburgs — Dies ist eine Liste bekannter Persönlichkeiten, die in Sankt Petersburg (1914–24 Petrograd, 1924–91 Leningrad; einschließlich der vormals eigenständigen Orte Kolpino, Komarowo, Krasnoje Selo, Kronstadt, Lomonossow, Pawlowsk, Peterhof, Puschkin,… …   Deutsch Wikipedia

Share the article and excerpts

Direct link
Do a right-click on the link above
and select “Copy Link”